Vaccinating your puppy is one of the most important steps you can take to ensure a healthy start in life. These early vaccines protect your dog from dangerous diseases that can spread quickly and, in some cases, be fatal. As a responsible pet owner, following a vet-approved vaccination schedule is key to building your puppy’s immune system at the right time.
In this guide, we break down the essential core and non-core vaccines, when your puppy should receive them, and what to expect during each vet visit.
Why Puppy Vaccines Matter
Puppies are born with some immunity passed from their mothers, but it fades within weeks. Without vaccines, puppies are vulnerable to contagious diseases like parvovirus, distemper, and rabies—some of which can spread through contact with other dogs, shared surfaces, or even the environment.
Vaccines:
- Prevent life-threatening illnesses
- Help protect other pets and humans
- Are often legally required (e.g., rabies)
- Support safe socialization and travel
Core vs. Non-Core Vaccines
Core vaccines are recommended for all puppies, regardless of breed or lifestyle, because they protect against widespread and severe diseases.
Non-core vaccines are optional and depend on your dog’s environment, travel habits, and exposure risks.
Core Puppy Vaccines
1. DHPP (Distemper, Hepatitis, Parainfluenza, Parvovirus)
- Often combined into a single injection
- First dose: 6–8 weeks
- Boosters: Every 3–4 weeks until 16–18 weeks old
- Revaccination: 1 year later, then every 1–3 years
2. Rabies
- Required by law in many countries
- First dose: 12–16 weeks
- Revaccination: 1 year later, then every 1–3 years
Common Non-Core Vaccines
3. Bordetella (Kennel Cough)
- Recommended if your dog will be boarded, groomed, or around other dogs
- First dose: As early as 8 weeks (nasal, oral, or injectable)
- Booster: Every 6–12 months
4. Leptospirosis
- Spread through water or soil contaminated by wildlife urine
- First dose: 8–9 weeks
- Booster: 3–4 weeks later, then annually
5. Lyme Disease
- Recommended in areas with high tick exposure
- First dose: 12 weeks
- Booster: 3–4 weeks later, then yearly
6. Canine Influenza
- Optional but useful for dogs in high-contact environments
- Two initial doses given 2–4 weeks apart
- Booster: Annually
Sample Vet-Approved Vaccination Schedule
| Puppy Age | Vaccines |
|---|---|
| 6–8 weeks | DHPP #1, Bordetella (optional) |
| 10–12 weeks | DHPP #2, Leptospirosis #1, Lyme #1 (if needed) |
| 14–16 weeks | DHPP #3, Rabies, Leptospirosis #2, Lyme #2 |
| 12 months | DHPP booster, Rabies booster, other boosters as advised |
Your veterinarian may adjust this based on your puppy’s health history, region, or breed.
After Vaccination: What to Expect
It’s normal for puppies to feel a bit tired or sore after vaccines. Mild side effects can include:
- Sleepiness
- Minor swelling at the injection site
- Slight fever or reduced appetite
Serious reactions are rare, but if you notice vomiting, swelling of the face, difficulty breathing, or hives, contact your vet immediately.
Conclusion
Keeping your puppy on a vet-approved vaccination schedule is the best way to protect them from dangerous diseases and ensure they grow into a healthy, confident adult dog. Talk to your veterinarian about your puppy’s lifestyle, risk factors, and the best plan for both core and optional vaccines.
Want more health tips for your new pup? Visit our Puppy Health section for expert advice on wellness, nutrition, and preventive care.