How to tell if your dog is in pain is something every pet owner should know, as dogs often hide discomfort until it becomes serious. Dogs are incredibly good at hiding pain—it’s part of their natural survival instinct. Unfortunately, that means your dog could be suffering without showing obvious signs.
Whether it’s due to injury, arthritis, dental problems, or internal illness, it’s critical to know how to spot subtle signs of discomfort before it gets worse.
In this guide, you’ll learn how to recognize the most common signs of pain in dogs, what behaviors to watch for, and when it’s time to visit the vet.
Why Dogs Hide Pain
In the wild, showing weakness could make a dog vulnerable to predators. Even domesticated dogs instinctively mask pain or discomfort, making it hard for owners to notice when something’s wrong.
That’s why behavioral and physical changes—even small ones—can be a major clue that your dog is hurting.
Top Warning Signs Your Dog May Be in Pain
1. Changes in Mobility or Activity
- Limping or favoring one leg
- Trouble climbing stairs, jumping, or lying down
- Stiffness, especially after rest
- Reluctance to walk, play, or exercise
- Moving more slowly than usual
These signs often point to joint pain, arthritis, or injury.
2. Behavioral Changes
- Unusual aggression, growling, or snapping when touched
- Withdrawal from people or hiding
- Restlessness or constant shifting while lying down
- Clinginess or seeking more comfort than usual
- Refusing to be picked up or held
Sudden personality shifts are a red flag—especially in normally social dogs.
3. Vocalization
- Whining, whimpering, or yelping
- Barking for no reason
- Groaning when getting up or changing position
Dogs rarely vocalize unless they’re experiencing significant discomfort or stress.
4. Changes in Appetite and Drinking
- Refusing food or eating less than usual
- Difficulty chewing or dropping food (sign of dental pain)
- Sudden increase or decrease in water intake
- Loss of interest in treats
Pain can suppress appetite, especially when mouth, stomach, or internal organs are affected.
5. Excessive Licking or Chewing
- Licking a specific body part over and over
- Chewing paws or joints
- Focused grooming of a sore area
This behavior may signal joint pain, skin irritation, or internal discomfort.
6. Panting or Shallow Breathing
- Heavy panting when not hot or active
- Labored, shallow, or rapid breathing
- Changes in posture when breathing (e.g., extended neck, elbows out)
These can indicate chest pain, fever, or anxiety due to pain.
7. Posture or Body Language Changes
- Arched back or hunched posture
- Tail tucked between the legs
- Ears pinned back
- Avoiding eye contact
Body language is often your first clue that something is wrong.
Common Causes of Pain in Dogs
- Arthritis or joint disease
- Injuries or fractures
- Dental disease
- Ear infections
- Gastrointestinal issues
- Urinary tract infections
- Skin infections or wounds
- Cancer or tumors
- Post-surgical pain
Body language is often your first clue that something is wrong.
What to Do If You Suspect Your Dog Is in Pain
1. Don’t give human medications
- Drugs like ibuprofen, acetaminophen, or aspirin can be toxic to dogs
2. Keep them calm and comfortable
- Provide a quiet space, soft bedding, and minimize movement
3. Call your vet
- Describe symptoms, how long they’ve lasted, and any known injuries
- Your vet may recommend an exam, x-rays, or lab work to find the source
4. Use pain medication only as prescribed
- Your vet may prescribe NSAIDs, opioids, or supplements (like glucosamine)
When to Seek Immediate Emergency Care
Contact a vet or emergency clinic immediately if your dog:
- Cries out in pain or can’t stand
- Has sudden paralysis or collapse
- Shows signs of abdominal bloating or distress
- Refuses to move or eat for more than 24 hours
- Has a visible wound, swelling, or bleeding
Quick action can save your dog from serious complications.
Conclusion
Final Thoughts on How to Tell If Your Dog Is in Pain
Pain in dogs is often silent but serious. By learning to recognize the subtle signs and responding quickly, you can make sure your dog receives the care they need to heal, stay active, and live a pain-free life.
Want a printable “Pain Tracker for Dogs” or checklist of symptoms? Visit our Dog Comfort & Wellness Center for tools, vet Q&As, and care guides.